When we investigate contemporary poem of Iraq and its reformations, we find many poets in literary map of Iraq applying their poetic aptitude as an arm to support Iraqi nation’s ideal and to struggle against tyrants. Ahmed Matar, an Iraqi poet, is one of the most eminent resistance poets recognized as a first class cultural and jihadi person. He has developed important theories about motherland, dominion and politics. This poet has been affected by Holy Qur’an, its terms and meanings. Also this principle is obvious in his poetry works. He has defended his motherland, and has struggled in this way, and has been exposed to the suffering of pain and dispersion. His poems and ironic method are a backlash, live outcry, biting critique against Baath Regime and its suppressible behaviors, and disclosure the conspiracy of regnant powers, spies and aliens. The present article, by emphasis on descriptive-analytical method, investigates the concepts of ridicule (sarcasm) and its samples in Ahmed Matar’s poem. It also attempts to investigate his biting ridicule method in Iraqi society and the amount of its influence on Iraqi people’s awakening for struggling with rebellion, encountering with autarchy and contesting against contradictions, ignorance and false slogans of the society.

In some contemporary poems, the poets break the lines of their poems into two parts or more and write them down vertically 6r like stairs after each other. This technique, called line breaking, was invented by Mayakovski, the Russian contemporary poet. Afterward, some Persian poets imitated him, though not seriously, in their poems but it was applied extensively by Shamloo, about 1950 as a suggestive device in Persian poetry There is no plan for breaking the lines but, through searching in the poetry by poets who have applied it. This paper is going to examine and describe where the line breaks occur in the poetry. The result of the study shows that there are three main types of line breaks: Some of the line breaks fall among the units of images to give poems a particular appearance and to create visual images. The second kind of them, occur prior to semantic or syntactic elements to create a series of emphases. The third group, are those which cause to foreground the musical aspects and to. create rhyme and rhythmical innovations.

Takikestan is a part of great Khorasan. Khorasan was birth place of grate men of science and literature of Iran, such as Rodaki, Naser Khosro and Roomi, and now separate from the principal, despite of all the hardship they endure the contemporary centuries, people still organize poem, teaching classic poem style and also lyrics, this article has attempted to examine the contemporary poetry of Takikestan and overview of development of contemporary poem and poetry of this land considered.

Metaphor and art of imagery is one of the most effective artistic tools that have long been considered by poets and orators. In the poem of Ashura in which the poet faithfully describes and analyzes the uprising of Ashura, the imaginative language of metaphor exes his passionate love and feeling for Imam Hussein (PBUH) and Prophet Mohammad’s Household in the most beautiful images. The ritual poet expresses a subject through poetic imagery in various ways. Repeating a concept with a different artistic language, and more imaginatively, will attract the audience to understand the subject and enjoy it, especially when the subject is related to belief and is bound to the beliefs of the individual. The gist of the content in this article is to answer these questions: 1- what metaphorical images have poets used to address the most important educational teachings? 2- How and to what extent are these images consistent with the message and the content of the work? 3- Is there innovation in the metaphorical images?…

The subject of the martyrdom and the martyr didn’t develop and didn’t become of various kinds, unless in the modern age and of course, after the wars had occurred in Arabic countries and after revolutions had taken place and after the moslem champions had sacrificed themselves to Allah and home country.so that, we see poets everyday that they cooperate with these champions in these revolutions and sacrifices with their poetic art; such as: Imaging and symbolizing and inspiring and conversing and etc. and by making fir of battle in Revolutionists’ heart for Revenging on injustice and insurrection and by immortalizing their heroisms and memoirs and transmit them to the living persons to become an active and agentive power for them.Therefore, the human smell of the martyrdom spreads everyday from poetry of these poets, whom any one of them pay attending to this subject from special Angle and create beautiful poetic tableaus and pictures of these martyrs which contain their histories and events.Thereupon we observe the martyr that he appears in these pictures as shinier Star or inspiring reformer or symbol of constancy in momentous affairs of native country or living person who doesn’t deserve an elegy to be composed for, or …

The Arab poetry has adorned different types of intertextuality which include: mythical, historical, and religious ones. Abundant use of this phenomenon, especially what is called koranic intertextuality, led to the review of this phenomenon. For this means one must identify the strengths and weaknesses imposing a framework for it. Considering the interaction of poet with the holy Koran intertextuality is divided in to several types such as: total and partial intertextuality, referential intertextuality and conceptual intertextuality. Some of these give abeautiful forms to the poetry and some are ugly and unacceptable, because they do not preserve dignity of Koran.It should be noted that the overall shape and detailed koranic intertextuality is more susceptible to error, while the conceptual and referential formsare less affected by slips. This research criticizes and studies koranic intertextuality in modern poetry of Iraq.

The contemporary poet utilizes so many technical techniques not only to demonstrate the beauty of poetical experience l, but also to provoke reader's emotions. It could be Sadie that "paradox" is one of the most important figures of speech which help poet have the greatest effect. The poet uses the "paradox" to interpret human feeling and emotions, a great inspirational literal tool to portray the compound aspect of poet's truth of life and extract the truth into a sensory-subjective way. "Paradox" helps poet to comprehend the contradictions of life. Boshra Hamid Bostoni-Iraqi poet and critic-is one of the most prominent poets in the contemporary women poetical movement. She takes advantages of "paradox" to depict present contradictions of Iraq during the totalitarianism and 2003 invasion of Iraq, Bostani also tries to portray modern women contradictions in her works. Boshra Bostoni's works are replete with different and various kinds of paradox such as: verbal, melodic, and figurative ones in an analytical way to depict the dramatic change, disillusionment during the Iraq revolution and invasion which leads the country to deprivation.

Poetic location (place) is of the main elements in the poetic design of Mozaffar Navvab, the contemporary Iraqi poet. He spent most of his life in exile away from home in countries such as Syria, Egypt, Lebanon, Sudan, Algeria, Greece and France as he was struggling against dictatorship by poems and defending the oppressed. Therefore, his poems are enriched with places and implications of the locations. The research intends to analyze the role of dimensions and places in Mozaffar Navvab poems. This descriptive-analytical study concludes that the locations in Mozaffar Navvab poems are not limited to Iraq; rather, they embrace Arabic, western and Iranian areas. He passed beyond geometrical and geographical dimensions of the location in his poems and assigned them new roles and connotations of political, religious, social, mental, historical, national, natural and aesthetics. Once he complains about deportation and homesickness, a psychological role is assigned to the place; and the national role of the place is manifested through expressing passion, love and dream of returning to home. Negative and positive social characteristics, accent, and scientific groups give the social role to the location. Political prisoning, the issue of oil and Arab politicians, as well as Palestine make the political role of location appears. Calling for historical and religious locations and characters leads to the religious and political character for the location. The aesthetics role of the location is manifested through nature; further, the symbolic and mythical role of the location is appeared in places like dessert, mountains, and tomb.

The writer of this essay had made an attempt to give a factual report of many contemporary poets that have a high opinion of mythical concepts, views and points. Since it is impossible to go overhemythical contexts of all the contemporary poets as an essay, we selected seven well known of this period - Bahar, Nima, Shahriar, Shamloo, Akhavan, Sepehri and Shafei Kadkani - considering the main style, thought and art. We have gone over the manofest mythical points, insight and views of their poems seperately. The topic, concept or the subject that was the symbol of mythical ideas and views had been well considered.

This research article examines legal discrimination against children born out of wedlock in Iran. Despite laws promoting equality, societal attitudes influenced by beliefs continue to result in discrimination. The study explores the reconciliation of religious beliefs with legal frameworks and the changes made to the Iranian legal system in response to positive human rights developments. The Article seeks to bridge the research gaps by comparing the experiences of Iranian children with those in other countries affected by Islamic law. The study employs library sources and descriptive and historical research methods to examine the legal status of children born outside of marriage, both nationally and internationally, and the discrimination they face. The Article is structured into four distinct sections: an analysis of Islamic Law, a review of the Iranian legal system, an assessment of Iran's compliance with international conventions, and a discourse on the necessity of substantial positive change. The Article ultimately recommends the eradication of discrimination through heightened awareness and the advancement of inclusivity for all children, irrespective of their lineage. In summary, this research Article aims to shed light on legal challenges faced by children born outside of marriage in Iran, with the goal of promoting positive changes in their treatment.